As this flux is alternating in nature, there must be a rate of change of flux. Current transformers reduce high voltage currents to a much lower value and provide a convenient way of safely monitoring the. You can also use our live chat tool to speak directly with a sales representative. The basic principle of operation of a transformer is explained in chap. There are two types of transformers classified by their function.
For current transformers, the value of the reactance x is determined in a special way so that it represents the leakage flux. Magnetooptical current transformer ppt electrical ppt. Here we discuss different types of transformers are the step up and step down transformer, distribution transformer, potential transformer, power transformer, 1. In a typical utility application, transformers are connected. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect.
Different model options are available from measuring primary current range of 50a to 5000a. Content for this presentation is basically designed by, and for, relay technicians and. Austin energys substation maintenance power transformer hot oil processing and vacuum filling. Download transformer powerpoint presentation jugaruinfo. Power transformer design software free download power. Available from 25 kv to 800 kv for measurement, protection and control. Nov 17, 2019 a transformer is a static device which transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through the process of electromagnetic induction. The secondary consists of a large number of turns of fine wire. Mar 27, 2018 relay seminar report with ppt and pdf free download contacts which are present at top are not connected i. In the monopolar link, two converters are placed at the end of each pole. Ensure the ct is connected to system properly in all respect primary and secondary. Power transformer maintenance and acceptance testing.
Some of the main features of optical current transformer are. This circuit transformer powerpoint slide illustrates the circuit symbol for a transformer. Iec international electrotechnical comission standards do not distinguish between distribution transformers and power. Download free data driven, tables, graphs, corporate business model templates and more. Flow of electrons from one atom to another unit of current is ampere 3. Transformer in general, the flux produced by each coil can be separated into two components. Save the slideshare presentation file in your browser by clicking to the left of the save file option. The magnetic field around the winding is constantly in motion.
Used in ac system for the measurement of current, voltage, power and energy. So for example, a current transformer with a relationship of say, 3005a can be converted to another of 1505a or even 1005a by passing the main primary. Current transformer they generally used to step down current in a very predictable fashion with respect to current and phase. Why the secondary winding of current transformer is always. The specific performance characteristics of instrument transformers are easily determined from the equivalent circuit. Polarity refers to the instantaneous direction of the primary current with respect to the secondary current and is determined by the way the transformer leads are brought out of the case. Aug 23, 2018 konsep penilaian investasi capital budgeting penganggaran modal keseluruhan proses perencanaan dan pengambilan keputusan mengenai pengeluaran dana di mana jangka waktu kembalinya dana tersebut melebihi waktu satu tahun. Join the primary of the transformer to the main bus. It has no moving parts, requires minimal maintenance, and is capable of withstanding overloads, surges, faults, and physical abuse that may damage or. Chapter 16 current transformer design wordpress for the. In other applications, a reactor is used, and in some applications, the ground fault current is limited to less than 10a. The ratio of an instrument transformer is the relationship of its. Instrument transformer ppt free download as powerpoint presentation.
Current transformer white paper the basics of current transformers ratio the ct ratio is the ratio of primary current input to secondary current output at full load. The purchase, preparation, assembly, operation and maintenance of transformers represent a large expense to. The symbol is composed of two sets of coiled lines facing each other with a few straight lines in the middle. Ppt transformer powerpoint presentation free to download. A transformer operates on the principals of electromagnetic induction, in the form of mutual induction. Finds a wide application in protection circuits of power system ex.
It produces an alternating current ac in its secondary which is proportional to the ac current in its primary. Introduction of distribution transformer in general distribution transformers are used to reduce primary system voltages 2. Current transformers and voltage transformers powerpoint ppt presentation. Current transformers, inductive voltage transformers, capacitive voltage transformers, combined current voltage transformers and station service voltage transformers are designed to transform high current and high voltage levels down to low current and low voltage outputs in a known and accurate proportion specified by the.
Principle of operation of dc motors, types of dc motors. Power transformer design, free power transformer design software downloads, page 3. Choose the software by clicking the down arrow to the right of the option. Current transformers, along with voltage or potential transformers, are instrument transformers. Place the 2winding transformer in the same way that you placed the previous two components. Current transformer or ct is a type of instrument transformer that is used in power system for measurement, detection, and protection the system. Iec international electrotechnical comission standards do not distinguish between distribution transformers. On the info tab o change the transformer id to main transformer. If the circuit of this secondary winding is closed, then a current will flow through it. The speed of the ac induction motor is adjusted by the frequency variation of the ac power to the motor. Analysis, size, share, business development and regional overview by 2023 transformers cover a very diverse subject area that encompasses both, small and very large components. Double click the transformer icon and set the following properties.
Transformer ac source alternating current comes from generators, not batteries. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. After studying this section, you should be able to describe. The current or series transformer has a primary coil of one or more turns of thick wire connected in series with the line whose current is to be measured. Types of transformer different types of transformer.
Arteche optical current transformer is presented as an alternative to current conventional current transformers, offering an advanced solution for both measuring and protection applications based on optical technology. Losses and torque equation, losses and efficiency calculation in d. This is called electromagnetic induction because the current in the first coil causes or induces. The various types of transformer shown in the figure above are explained in detail below. Free powerpoint templates by 24slides download now.
Pdf the effect of inrush current on transformer protection. Reference 40 reported that inrush current can damage the variable speed drive in hvac and refrigeration systems while, reference 41 addressed the effect of inrush current on the transformer. It produces a current in its secondary which is proportional to the current in its primary. A schematic drawing of a singlephase distribution transformer appears in fig. Note the fused cutout and lighting arrestor combination external to the transformer. Testing power transformers highvoltage transformers are some of the most important and expensive pieces of equipment required for operating a power system. The source winding is known as the primary winding and the winding delivering power is known as the secondary winding. Kele offers full range of current transformers from 0. Current transformer basics and the current transformer. Click next to the open with option to open the slideshare presentation in a software tool.
Instrument transformer theory and testing steve hudson, pe engineering manager 10737 lexington drive knoxville, tn 37932 phone. We know that, in a ct the primary current is dependent on the load current or line current as ct is connected in series with the line. Basic electrical engineering pdf notes bee pdf notes. Transformers can be segmented on the basis of type as distribution transformer, power transformer and others, which includes instrument transformer.
Oct 08, 2016 calculation of cts if the current transformer has primary to secondary current ratio of 100. Figure 4 works well for most instrument transformers. Jun 04, 2017 inverter ppt pdf powerpoint presentation. The singlephase distribution transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding wound on a laminated steel core. Structure of transformer the transformer two inductive coils,these are electrical separated but linked through a common magnetic current circuit these two coils have a high mutual induction one of the two coils is connected of alternating voltage. Click the ok button at the bottom of the prompt to finalize your choice. Transformer faults categories a short circuit of a few turns of the winding will give rise to a heavy fault current in. An inverter is nothing but a motor control which is used in adjusting the speed of an ac induction motor. The sct ppt excitation system uses both a generator stator voltage source ppt and a generator stator current source sct as the power source for the main field. When we pass current through coil then a magnetic field is created by it which connects the contacts that are present on top i. Let us use electrical symbols to help visualize this. Basic electrical engineering pdf free download bee notes pdf. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id.
It is a device used to measure large current by scaling large primary currents to a smaller, easy to measure, secondary currents. Current transformer free download as powerpoint presentation. How to download ppt files from slideshare online for free. Hundreds of free powerpoint templates updated weekly. It is most commonly used to increase step up or decrease step down voltage levels between circuits. National electrical power company instrument transformers an instrument transformer is a device used to reduce the current or voltage values into. So, primary current of ct assuming constant line current is constant irrespective of whether the secondary of. The transformer does this by linking together two or more electrical circuits using a common oscillating magnetic circuit which is produced by the transformer itself. To confirm the physical condition and electrical characteristics of current transformer installed in the installation. Sep 16, 2017 a transformer is a static apparatus, with no moving parts, which transforms electrical power from one circuit to another with changes in voltage and current and no change in frequency. The current transformer function is different than that of a voltage transformer.
Principle of operation of dc machines, types of dc generators. On the other hand, the inductive reactance vanishes as. This is the basic working principle of a transformer. Wire effective resistivity cm total rms winding current, ref to pri itot a desired. Instrument transformer ppt transformer electric current scribd. Extensive bandwidth, able to measure both dc and ac current up to 100 harmonic. Microsoft powerpoint gives you several ways to start your next presentation using a template, a theme, a recent presentation, a notsorecent presentation, or a blank one. Transformers used for voltage potential measurement steps down the voltage to the level of voltmeter. To get full information or details of buck boost transformer please have a look on the pages. A current transformer ct is a type of transformer that is used to reduce or multiply an alternating current ac. Download and install or reinstall office 2016 or office. Transformers the current in the first coil is usually called the primary current and the current in the second wire is the secondary current. The winding which receives electrical power from the source is known as the primary. Microsoft powerpoint download 2020 latest for windows 10.
The electrical current flowing in a transformer is al ternating current. Below is a list of all current transformers available through flexcore, however, not all models are instock. The objective of testing is to ensure quality to ensure that the products manufactured have met the requirements of customer specificationstandard to prevent accidents which may occur if a failed product is put into service. When the generator is offline and not supplying current to a load, the excitation field current is supplied by the 3phase, power potential transformer. To check pricing and availability for a specific current transformer model, give us a call at 614 8896152 or use our quote request form. In circuit where measurements of high voltage and high current is involved, they are used there. Ring core cts are available for measuring currents from 50 to 5000 amps, with windows power conductor opening size from 1 to 8 diameter. This is step up transformer because when we step up, the voltage increases and current decrease.
When the circuit burden gets too large, the ct secondary voltage becomes distorted. The magnitude of transformer vibration is influenced by that of voltage and current, which might lead to the wrong results in detecting the fault of core and winding by vibration analysis method. The above mentioned form of transformer is theoretically possible but not practically, because in open air very tiny portion of the flux of the first winding will link with second. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Instrument transformers scale the large values of voltage or current to small.
Dec 18, 2017 a current transformer ct is a type of transformer that is used to measure ac current. Testing current transformers ratio vs applied burden cts installations can be fully verified in the field. Current transformer design guide an effective design of a ring type c. The transformer core is built of iron or steel, and it provides the magnetic circuit to link the transformer windings. The transformer coils or windings provide the electrical circuit for current flow in the transformer. If you bought office for personal use through your company, see install office through hup. Basics, maintenance, and diagnostics vii contents continued page 4. Jan 31, 2015 types of instrument transformer instrument transformer has two type 1 current transformer 2potential transformer 5 6. The current flows first in one direc tion, stops, then reverses and flows in the other direc274 unit 74 transformers tion.
The basics of current transformers nk technologies. To ensure that the product is fit for its intended use standards iec standards iec 60076 part 1 part 14 specification for transformers ieee. This flux links with both primary and secondary windings. The steps to install the 2016 or 20 versions of office professional plus, office standard, or a standalone app such as word or project might be different if you got office through one of the following. Different types of transformers and their applications. A current transformer operates with a set primary current and will try to output a constant current to the load, independent of the load. This type of transformer is categorized on the basis of a number of turns in the primary and secondary windings and the induced emf. Monopolar link it has a single conductor of negative polarity and uses earth or sea for the return path of current. According to faradays law of electromagnetic induction, there will be an emf induced in the second winding. Relay seminar report with ppt and pdf free download. Figure 144 shows the magnetic field during one cycle. Current transformers reduce high voltage currents to a much lower value and provide a convenient way of safely monitoring the actual electrical current flowing in an ac. Current transformers current transformers cts provide a simple, inexpensive and yet accurate means of sensing current flow in power conductors. The working principle of a transformer is very simple.
July 2019 type cmvs highaccuracy current transformer accurange. Earthing of poles is done by earth electrodes placed about 15 to 55 km away from the respective terminal stations. The earthing transformer system for earthing on the generator transformer side of the generator voltage circuitbreaker required only when a generator voltage circuitbreaker or switch disconnector is used has the matching transformer under oil in the same tank, so reducing the possibility of shortcircuiting the protection and thus the. Ppt instrument transformer powerpoint presentation. Download transformer powerpoint presentation complete guide. What weve done here is pass an electric current through empty space from one coil of wire to another. The current transformer will operate into either a short circuit or a resistive load until the voltage induced is enough to. Download transformer powerpoint presentation get here complete powerpoint presentation on transformer and much more with download link. You can send out a link to the slides, or start a fullon lync meeting that displays the deck with audio and im. Mutual induction is the process by which a coil of wire magnetically. Ideal sinusoidal source the symbol for an ac source uses a sine curve. Power transformer maintenance and acceptance testing on photo. Earthing transformer an overview sciencedirect topics.
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